End line Survey for
Women Investment in Networks
of Dairy Sector (WINDS) Initiative

USAID-PUNJAB ENABLING ENVIRONMENT PROJECT

Scope of Work (SoW)

End line Survey for Women Investment in Networks of Dairy Sector (WINDS) Initiative

Annual work plan Year 6, activity # 7, “End line survey of WINDS” under Monitoring and Evaluation

I. Background

The USAID - Punjab Enabling Environment Project (PEEP) is a seven-year collaborative effort to assist the Government of Punjab in improving the business environment for the horticulture, livestock, and dairy subsectors. Since a conducive, business enabling environment supports investment in businesses, and contributes to economic growth, PEEP’s interventions are designed to improve the business environment in Punjab by supporting policy and regulatory reforms through private sector-led advocacy. These reforms are expected to spur new investments leading to new employment opportunities in the targeted sub-sectors. Besides, policy advocacy, PEEP is engaged in institutional capacity building of relevant public and private sector organizations and investment mobilization initiatives.

Project Development Objective(s)

The major objective of PEEP is to spur private sector investment in horticulture, livestock and dairy sub-sectors, through creating a conducive business enabling environment and institutional capacity building of related stakeholders resulting in new employment opportunities for people associated with these sub-sectors. The expected results of PEEP is to leverage $300 million as private sector investment and help create 22,500 direct and indirect jobs through various interventions in livestock, dairy and horticulture sub-sectors.

To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, PEEP has the following three project components:

Component 1: Accelerate advocacy for policy, regulatory and institutional reforms through the private sector, leading to early adoption, approval and implementation of the reforms;

Component 2: Support institutional capacity building to sustain reforms; and

Component 3: Mobilize private sector investments in horticulture, livestock and dairy sub-sectors through improvement in the BEE.

PEEP’s WINDS Initiative:

Empowering women to participate fully in economic life across all sectors is essential to build stronger economies, achieve internationally agreed goals for development and sustainability, and improve the quality of life for women, men, families and communities. Punjab Enabling Environment Project (PEEP) signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Sialkot Chamber of Commerce and Industry (SCCI) to facilitate the chamber in the areas of livestock and horticulture. The milk supply sector of Sialkot has tremendous potential for growth through ensuring supply of good quality of milk to the consumers and through ensuring good returns to the dairy farmer. A major impediment for the development of milk production and supply sector has been the adulteration by the farmers and the middlemen to increase margins. To reap more profits, the farmers and the middlemen add water and other ingredients to increase the volume of the loose milk. The various malpractices by the farmers and middlemen to gain profit margins have resulted in the loss to the consumers. PEEP deliberations with SCCI revealed that the members are keen in establishing milk collection and sales facilities for provision of hygienic and quality milk to the consumers alongside ensuring appropriate returns to the dairy farmers of the area. Market for quality milk exists in Sialkot and there is a demand supply gap at present. The chamber has assessed that the consumers are willing to pay better prices for quality milk as they are already paying up to PKR 120 per liter for Ultra Heat Treatment (UHT) milk. A fair price will allow premiums to be passed on to the supplying farmers and will encourage them to invest in quality feed and vaccinations for their animals. The farm gate prices are low and the farmers adulterate the milk to increase quantity and make up for the costs incurred on feed and fodder.

PEEP collaborated with the Women Resource Centre (WRC) at SCCI for promotion of investment and entrepreneurship in women farmers in the project focused areas. The initiative was an innovation in the dairy sector due to women leadership and involvement in the milk supply chain resulting in availability of fresh and quality milk for consumers.

PEEP supported WRC was not only developing comprehensive collection, transport and sales mechanisms for quality milk but made these developments more inclusive for women farmers and entrepreneurs since the suppliers of milk and direct recipients of premiums were women farmers.

PEEP conducted a baseline survey before the start of the initiative and collected information for benchmarking the prevailing situation in the project area. Under the initiative, the women dairy farmers have been trained in the use of best husbandry practices, milk measurement, handling and testing. The milk traders have been trained in milk handling, testing and transportation. The milk is being sold to the consumers in Sialkot city.

II. Study Objectives

The main objective of the study is to conduct an end-line survey of WINDS initiative. PEEP conducted a series of activities under WINDS initiative as narrated in the above section. Detailed quantitative and qualitative data collection after WINDS initiative in the project area is required at the end of the collaboration. The information generated will be helpful to compare the results of the baseline with the end-line to gauge progress made and challenges faced during the implementation of WINDS activities in the project area.

Specifically, the end-line study will endeavour to collect data at the end of the initiative to compare with the baseline figures.  

Scope of Work:

The scope of this consultancy is to carry out a detailed end-line survey in the project area of Sialkot, district of Punjab where PEEP undertook its activities related to women empowerment. The consultancy also aims to find out the existing situation in the project area based on the same parameters used at the time of baseline conducted a year ago and to measure the improvement/change as a result of PEEP interventions. The consultant is also expected to produce an end-line survey report which should provide a thorough overview of the socio-economic situation in the surveyed areas and should be able to assess the impact of the project. It is essential that the project impact assessment through this end-line survey is in accordance with the methodology envisaged under the baseline survey.

The consultant will be required to accomplish end-line values including but not limited to following parameters:

• Total household income
• Sources of household income
• Land owned (acres)
• Contribution of female farmer/beneficiary into household income
• Total number of animals owned by each household during last year
• Total number of milk animals
• Animal sale price, buying price during last year
• Total milk quantity per HH per day
• Average milk consumption per HH per day
• Average quantity of milk sold per day per HH
• Average price of milk (Rs. per liter) at HH level
• Mode of selling milk (collection from home or sell at outlets)
• Current milk outlets in the area accessible to each HH (collection centers)
• Any milk chillers in the area accessible to local HH (number)
• What is means of transportation of milk from village to city
• Any packaging practices of milk before selling
• Where is milk sold in the city (retail and wholesale)
• Average price of milk (Rs. per liter) at market
• Total household expenditure
• Access to micro finance by women in the project area
• Sources of finance (formal/informal) and any change since last year
• Current level of investment per household and any change since last year
  • Animals
  • Feed
  • Others
• Current level of employment per household
  • Male
  • Female
• Access to vaccine for animals
• Access to training
• Any training received in the past one year
• Level of knowledge on animal keeping, feeding and milk nutrition and any change since last year
• Feeding practices
  • Frequency of feed
  • Type of feed
• Use of ICT tools including mobile phone, internet services etc.
• Herd/animal keeping issues of farmers
• Total no. of children per household
• Ages of children
• No. of school going children
• Occurrence of diseases during last one year
• Maternal health issues confronted
• No. of visits to doctor
• Household diet
• No. of infant deaths in family
• Who is responsible for financial decision making for income and expenses
• Are women consulted in any financial decision-making
• Are women permitted to go out to carry out activities
• How frequently women visit the market

The consultant will prepare an ‘End-line Survey Report’ using appropriate qualitative and quantitative methods to provide benchmark information on key variables and indicators that will be measured periodically.

The ultimate goal of the study is to quantify the investment spurred and jobs created as a result of PEEP’s interventions through WINDS initiative to be measured through the end-line survey.

III. Methodology

In consultation with the project team and using qualitative and quantitative techniques, the consultant will assess the current landscape of private sector investment, income and employment in the target population of the district of Sialkot. The results will be compared with the baseline figures available in the previous baseline survey report.

In addition to the objective level indicators i.e., investments, income and employment; the following indicators will be used for collecting data:

1)      Number of women accessing the market and/or the backend part of the chain and support services

2)      Access to training by women in the targeted area

3)      Sources of household income

4)      The contribution of female farmer/beneficiary into household income

5)      Total number of animals owned by each household

6)      Access to market for the marketing of milk

7)      Access to finance by women in the project area through financial institutions

8)      Sources of finance (formal/informal)

9)      Access to vaccine for animals

10)  Any training received in the past

11)  Use of ICT tools including mobile phone, internet services etc.

Data Collection and Analysis:

• PEEP will develop and pre-test the survey tool which will be used by the consultant.
• The consultant will plan, design, and implement training of enumerators and supervisors.
• The consultant will collect primary data using a pre-tested questionnaire developed by PEEP from the HH selected in the sample based on the sampling technique proposed by PEEP.
• After the baseline data is collected, the consultant will design and implement a database to hold all the statistics to run analysis in the future. The database should be of a type that will allow easy entry, retrieval, amendment, storage and backup of data.
• A mixed data collection strategy will be deployed to uncover quantitative and qualitative insights and findings regarding assessment of current landscape of private sector investment and employment in the targeted district. 
• The consultant shall provide a detailed analysis including the descriptive statistics (averages, standard deviations, variances, and percentages), frequency tables, bar charts/pie charts along with the interpretations for each indicator of the tool. The consultant may use appropriate software to carry out detailed analysis of the data.
• The consultant will collect data from the stakeholders including the women involved in dairy and livestock related activities in the targeted district of Sialkot, members of Women Resource Centre (WRC) at SCCI Sialkot, members of breeders’ associations and women beneficiaries of any relevant micro-finance institutions.

Sampling:

The total population of the study is following:

Sr. No.	Details	Beneficiary Population	Sample
1	Chaprar Road	400	30
2	Gondal Road	400	30
3	Aimanabad Road	400	30
4	Marala Road	400	30
5	Wazirabad Road	400	30
Total		2,000	150

Based on the target population of 2,000, a random sample of 150 participants is proposed to be drawn from the target population in selected areas of Sialkot district. The sample size is determined based on the 95% level of confidence and 5% margin of error considering a population of 2,000 participants. The response distribution is considered at 90% where it is assumed that in 90% of the households, females are contributing towards household income. The consultant will employ a systematic proportional stratified random sampling technique to select 150 participants as respondents in the survey. Collectively, the instruments and feedback will provide a comprehensive insight into the dynamics of the targeted district focusing on the existing investment, income and employment/work opportunities.

IV. Deliverables

The expected output (deliverables) should include, but not limited to, the following:

1. Within 2 person days of issuance of task order the consultant should submit a detailed plan of execution;

1. Within 10 person days of completing the baseline survey field work, the consultant will share a draft report documenting the findings of the end-line survey;

3. The consultant will submit a comprehensive final report (hard and soft copies), consisting of quantitative and qualitative findings. The report should, specifically, cover existing investment and current employment by prospective beneficiaries in the region.
4. Final report should include but not limited to the following:

• Executive summary
• Acknowledgement
• List of Acronyms and abbreviations
• Table of contents
• Background – brief project description and context
• Objectives of the survey
• Purpose and expected use of the survey
• Methodology including sampling and data collection techniques
• Main findings including the values of all project monitoring performance indicators
• Key observations
• Lessons learned and recommendations for future data collection
• Conclusion
• Annexes to the report
• Terms of reference of the study
• Time schedule / Timetable
• Survey instruments

5. The consultant will also provide the following at the end of the assignment:
• Detailed data/ analytical data tables and database (soft copies)
• Filled questionnaires (original hard copies) and detailed notes
• Profile of respondents

1. The consultant is required to make a Power Point presentation to PEEP Program Team at the end of the assignment.
2. The final report will be due within one week after receiving comments and feedback from PEEP.

V. Quality Control

The consultant will follow strict codes of professionalism and quality control in the data collection and reporting. PEEP M&E section will be overall responsible for monitoring the whole process and may conduct surprise checks at any stage of the end-line survey.

VI. Timeframe

Time for completing the assignment and provision of final report is within 30 person days (with LoE of 17 days) of signing of the contract agreement. The consultant will provide a work plan detailing all activities from initiation to the submission of final deliverables as listed down under IV above.

VII. Level of Efforts

The LoE for the assignment will be 17 person days and breakdown is given below.

Sr. No.	Activity	No. of days
1	Desk review/research	1
2	Data collection from five localities	10
3	Data analysis and report writing	5
4	Submission of final report and presentation	1
Total		17

VIII. Intellectual Property Rights

All outputs under the assignment shall be the sole property of USAID-PEEP. The consultant shall not exercise any rights, on all the outputs and cannot share the same with any outsiders without the prior permission of PEEP management.