Baseline Survey for Women
Investment in Networks of
Dairy Sector

USAID-PUNJAB ENABLING ENVIRONMENT PROJECT

Scope of Work

Baseline Survey for Women Investment in Networks of Dairy Sector (WINDS) Initiative

Annual work plan Year 4, activity # 9, under Monitoring and Evaluation

I. Background

The USAID - Punjab Enabling Environment Project (PEEP) is a five-year collaborative effort to assist the Government of Punjab in improving the business environment for the horticulture, livestock, and dairy subsectors. Since, conducive business enabling environment supports investment in businesses, and contributes to economic growth, PEEP’s interventions are designed to improve the business environment by supporting policy and regulatory reforms through private sector-led advocacy. These reforms are expected to spur new investments leading to new employment opportunities in the targeted sub-sectors. Besides, policy advocacy, PEEP is engaged in institutional capacity building of relevant public and private sector organizations and also investment mobilization initiatives.

Project Development Objective(s)

The major objective of PEEP is to spur private sector investment in horticulture, livestock and dairy sub-sectors, through creating a conducive business enabling environment and institutional capacity building of related stakeholders resulting in creating new employment opportunities for people associated with these sub-sectors. The expected results of PEEP’s are to leverage $180 million private sector investment and help create 15,000 direct and indirect jobs through various interventions in livestock, dairy and horticulture sub-sectors.

To achieve the above mentioned objectives, PEEP has the following three project components:

Component 1: Accelerate advocacy for policy, regulatory and institutional reforms through the private sector, leading to early adoption, approval and implementation of the reforms;

Component 2: Support institutional capacity building to sustain reforms; and

Component 3: Mobilize private sector investments in horticulture, livestock and dairy sub-sectors through improvement in the BEE.

PEEP’s WINDS Initiative:

Empowering women to participate fully in economic life across all sectors is essential to build stronger economies, achieve internationally agreed goals for development and sustainability, and improve the quality of life for women, men, families and communities. Punjab Enabling Environment Project (PEEP) signed a MoU with the Sialkot Chamber of Commerce and Industry (SCCI) to facilitate the chamber in the areas of livestock and horticulture. The milk supply sector of Sialkot has tremendous potential for growth through ensuring supply of good quality of milk to the consumers and through ensuring good returns to the dairy farmer. Major impediment for the development of milk production and supply sector has been the adulteration by the farmers and the middlemen to increase margins. To reap more profits, the farmers and the middlemen add water and other ingredients to increase the volume of the loose milk. The various malpractices by the farmers and middlemen to gain profit margins have resulted in the loss to the consumers. Deliberations with SCCI revealed that the members are keen in establishing milk collection and sales facilities for provision of hygienic and quality milk to the consumers alongside ensuring appropriate returns to the dairy farmers of the area. Market for quality milk exists in Sialkot and there is a demand supply gap at present. The chamber has assessed that the consumers are willing to pay better prices for quality milk as they are already paying up to PKR 120 per liter for Ultra Heat Treatment (UHT) milk. A fair price will allow premiums to be passed on to the supplying farmers and will encourage them to invest in quality feed and vaccinations for their animals. At present, the farm gate prices are low and the farmers adulterate the milk to increase quantity and make up for the costs incurred on feed and fodder.

PEEP plans to collaborate with the Women Resource Centre (WRC) at SCCI for promotion of investment and entrepreneurship in women farmers in the project focused areas. The proposed initiative is an innovation in the dairy sector due to women leadership and involvement in the milk supply chain resulting in availability of fresh and quality milk for consumers.

PEEP will support WRC in not only developing comprehensive collection, transport and sales mechanisms for quality milk but will also make these developments more inclusive for women farmers and entrepreneurs since the suppliers of milk and direct recipients of premiums will be women farmers. PEEP will leverage its partnerships with the relevant sectoral stakeholders in enabling the creation of backward and forward linkages for WRC.

Discussions with the chamber have revealed that this set up will be scaled up to include more sourcing hubs, more farmers and more stakeholders including Government of Punjab (GoPb), breeder’s associations and credit institutions in the dairy network. The chamber’s Khud Kafalat Rozgaar scheme will also provide three wheelers to people interested in earning incomes as dodhis or milkmen. Under the mandate of developing a mechanism for provision of quality milk to the masses at convenient locations, these three wheelers can be utilized for milk collection and distribution by mounting chillers of appropriate capacities onto them.  The chamber will pay these community identified middlemen under a favorable arrangement (salary model or an incentive based model) after mutual consultation.

II. Study Objectives

The main objective of the study is to provide information that will form the benchmark for periodic participatory monitoring, evaluation and impact assessment of WINDS in the project area.  PEEP has designed series of activities under WINDS initiative as narrated in the above section.  A detailed quantitative and qualitative information of the current situation in the project area is required at a particular point in time to benchmark the prioritized parameters. The information generated will enable PEEP to plan for the effective implementation of WINDS activities in the project area.

Specifically the baseline study will endeavour:

• To gather data that will inform the project management to make implementation decisions that are appropriate as per the actual situation on the ground. 
• To establish a benchmark for comparison of the current situation with the intended results in future.

Scope of Work:

The scope of this consultancy is to carry out a detailed baseline survey in project area of Sialkot, district of Punjab where PEEP plans to undertake its activities related to women empowerment. The consultancy also aims to set a benchmark of existing situation in the project area based on the agreed parameters which will in turn be used at the end of the project activities to measure the improvement/change as a result of PEEP interventions. The consultant will be required to accomplish baseline values including but not limited to following parameters:

• Total household income
• Sources of household income
• Land owned (acres)
• Contribution of female farmer/beneficiary into household income
• Total number of animals owned by each household during last year
• Total number of milk animals
• Animal sale price, buying price during last year
• Total milk quantity per HH per day
• Average milk consumption per HH per day
• Average quantity of milk sold per day per HH
• Average price of milk (Rs. per liter) at HH level
• Mode of selling milk (collection from home or sell at outlets)
• Current milk outlets in the area accessible to each HH (collection centers)
• Any milk chillers in the area accessible to local HH (number)
• What is means of transportation of milk from village to city
• Are there mounted chillers available
• Is milk testing facility available in the area
• Any packaging practices of milk before selling
• Where is milk sold in the city (retail and wholesale)
• Average price of milk (Rs. per liter) at market
• Total household expenditure
• Access to micro finance by women in the project area
• Sources of finance (formal/informal)
• Current level of investment per household
  • Animals
  • Feed
  • Others
• Current level of employment per household
  • Male
  • Female
• Access to vaccine for animals
• Access to training
• Any training received in the past one year
• Level of knowledge on animal keeping, feeding and milk nutrition
• Feeding practices
  • Frequency of feed
  • Type of feed
• Use of ICT tools including mobile phone, internet services etc.
• Herd/animal keeping issues of farmers (for incorporation in Telenor’s livestock portfolio information)
• Total no. of children per household
• Ages of children
• No. of school going children
• Occurrence of diseases during last one year
• Maternal health issues confronted
• No. of visits to doctor
• Household diet
• No. of infant deaths in family
• Who is responsible for financial decision making for income and expenses
• Are women consulted in any financial decision making
• Are women permitted to go out to carry out activities
• How frequently women visit the market

The consultant will prepare a “baseline survey report” using appropriate qualitative and quantitative methods to provide benchmark information on key variables and indicators that will be measured periodically.

The ultimate goal is to quantify the investment spurred and jobs created as a result of PEEP’s interventions through WINDS initiative which is expected to be measured through a similar end-line survey.

III. Methodology

In consultation with the project team and using qualitative and quantitative techniques, the consultant will accomplish the following:

• The consultant will assess the current landscape of private sector investment, income and employment in the target population of the district of Sialkot.

In addition to the objective level indicators i.e., investments, income & employment; the following indicators will be used for collecting data;

1)      Number of women accessing the market and/or the backend part of the chain and support services.

2)      Access to training by women in the targeted area.

3)      Sources of household income

4)      The contribution of female farmer/beneficiary into household income

5)      Total number of animals owned by each household

6)      Access to market for the marketing of milk

7)      Access to finance by women in the project area through financial institutions

8)      Sources of finance (formal/informal)

9)      Access to vaccine for animals

10)  Any training received in the past

11)  Use of ICT tools including mobile phone, internet services etc.

Data Collection and Analysis:

• PEEP will develop and pre-test the survey tool which will be used by the consultant.
• The consultant will plan, design, and implement training of enumerators and supervisors.
• The consultant will collect primary data using pre-tested questionnaire developed by PEEP from the HH selected in the sample based on the sampling technique proposed by PEEP.
• After the baseline data is collected, the consultant will design and implement a database to hold all the statistics to run analysis in the future. The database should be of a type that will allow easy entry, retrieval, amendment, storage and backup of data.
• A mixed data collection strategy will be deployed to uncover quantitative and qualitative insights and findings in regard to assessing the current landscape of private sector investment and employment in the targeted district. 
• The consultant shall provide detailed analysis including the descriptive statistics (averages, standard deviations, variances, and percentages), frequency tables, bar charts/pie charts along with the interpretations for each indicator of the tool. The consultant may use appropriate software to carry out detailed analysis of the data.
• The consultant will collect data from the stakeholders including the women involved in dairy and livestock related activities in the targeted district of Sialkot, members of Women Resource Centre (WRC) at SCCI Sialkot, members of breeders associations and women beneficiaries of any relevant Micro-Finance Institutions.

Sampling:

The total population of the study is following:

Sr. No.	Details	Beneficiary Population	Sample
1	Chaprar Road	400	30
2	Gondal Road	400	30
3	Aimanabad Road	400	30
4	Marala Road	400	30
5	Wazirabad Road	400	30
Total		2,000	150

Based on the target population of 2,000, a random sample of 150 participants is proposed to be drawn from the target population in selected areas of Sialkot district. The sample size is determined based on the 95% level of confidence and 5% margin of error considering a population of 2,000 participants. The response distribution is considered to be 90% where it is assumed that in 90% of the households, females are contributing towards household income. The consultant will employ a systematic proportional stratified random sampling technique to select 150 participants as respondents in the survey. Collectively, the instruments and feedback will provide a comprehensive insight into the dynamics of the targeted district focusing on the existing investment, income and employment/work opportunities.

IV. Deliverables

The expected output (deliverables) should include, but not limited to, the following:

1. Within 2 person days of issuance of task order the consultant should submit a detailed plan of execution;

1. Within 15 person days of the start of assignment, the consultant will provide preliminary report on data collection from field work;
2. Within 10 person days of completing the baseline survey field work, the consultant will share a draft report documenting the findings of the Baseline Survey;

4. The consultant will submit a comprehensive final report (hard and soft copies), consisting of quantitative and qualitative findings. The report should, specifically, cover existing investment and current employment by prospective beneficiaries in the region.
5. Final report should include but not limited to the following:

• Executive summary
• Acknowledgement
• List of Acronyms and abbreviations
• Table of contents
• Background – brief project description and context
• Objectives of the survey
• Purpose and expected use of the survey
• Methodology including sampling and data collection techniques
• Main findings including the values of all project monitoring performance indicators
• Key observations
• Lessons learned and recommendations for future data collection
• Conclusion
• Annexes to the report
• Terms of reference of the study
• Time schedule / Time table
• Survey instruments

6. The consultant will also provide following at the end of the assignment:
• Detailed data/ analytical data tables and database (soft copies).
• Filled questionnaires (original hard copies) and detailed notes.
• Profile of respondents.

1. The consultant is required to make a Power Point presentation to PEEP Program Team at the end of the assignment.
2. The final report will be due within one week after receiving comments and feedback from PEEP.

V. Quality Control

The consultant will follow strict codes of professionalism and quality control in the data collection and reporting. PEEP M&E section will be overall responsible for monitoring the whole process and may conduct surprise checks at any stage of the baseline exercise.

VI. Timeframe

Time for completing the assignment and provision of final report is within 40 person days (with LOE of 17 days) of signing of the contract agreement. The consultant will provide a work plan detailing all activities from initiation to the submission of final deliverables as listed down under IV above.

VII. Level of Efforts

The LoE for the assignment will be 17 person days and breakdown is given below.

Sr. No.	Activity	No. of days
1	Desk review/research	1
2	Data collection from five localities	10
3	Data analysis and report writing	5
4	Submission of final report and presentation	1
Total		17

VIII. Intellectual Property Rights

All outputs under the assignment shall be the sole property of USAID-PEEP. The consultant shall not exercise any rights, on all the outputs and cannot share the same with any outsiders without the prior permission of PEEP management.